Optical data#

Implemented optical constellation#

The product resolution is the one given in Data Access Portfolio (2014-2022, section 6.2). The Data Access Portfolio Document presents the offer of the datasets and data access services that are made available to the Copernicus Users in response to their Earth Observation data requirements.

Constellations

Class

Product Types

Default Resolution

Use archive

Sentinel-2

S2Product

L1C & L2A & L2Ap

10m

Sentinel-2 Theia

S2TheiaProduct

L2A

10m

Sentinel-3 SLSTR

S3Product

RBT

300m

Sentinel-3 OLCI

S3Product

EFR

500m

Landsat 9 OLI-TIRS

L9Product

Level 1

30m

Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS

L8Product

Level 1

30m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 7 ETM

L7Product

Level 1

30m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 5 TM

L5Product

Level 1

30m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 4 TM

L4Product

Level 1

30m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 5 MSS

L5Product

Level 1

60m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 4 MSS

L4Product

Level 1

60m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 3 MSS

L3Product

Level 1

60m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 2 MSS

L2Product

Level 1

60m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

Landsat 1 MSS

L1Product

Level 1

60m

COL1*: ❌, COL2: ✅

PlanetScope

PlaProduct

L3A & L3B

3m

SkySat

SkySat

(Collect Product) ortho_*

0.5m

Pleiades-Neo

PneoProduct

ORT

0.3 (PAN), 1.2m (MS)

Pleiades

PldProduct

SEN, PRJ, ORT & MOS

0.5 (PAN), 2m (MS)

Vision-1

Vis1Product

PRJ & ORTP

0.9 (PAN), 3.5m (MS)

SPOT 4

Spot45Product

L1A, M1B, L2A

10 (PAN), 20m (MS)

SPOT 5

Spot45Product

L1A, M1B, L2A

2.5 (SuperMode), 5.0 (PAN), 10m (MS)

SPOT 7

Spot7Product

SEN, PRJ, ORT & MOS

1.5 (PAN), 6m (MS)

SPOT 6

Spot6Product

SEN, PRJ, ORT & MOS

1.5 (PAN), 6m (MS)

Maxar**

MaxarProduct

Standard & Ortho

0.5 (PAN), 2m (MS)

SuperView-1

Sv1Product

L1B & L2A

0.5 (PAN), 2m (MS)

* Archived Landsat Collection-1 are not managed because of the tar.gz format, which is too slow to process. It is better to work on the extracted product. Landsat-9 Collection-1 products don’t exist.

** Maxar satellites: Worldview 2, 3, 4 and GeoEye-1 (but WorldView-1, QuickBird should work, however they don’t have been tested). The resolution can vary around the one given here.

Warning

Satellites products that cannot be used as archived have to be extracted before use.

The goal of EOReader is to implement every constellation that can be used in the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. The constellations that can be used during CEMS activations are (as of 09/2021):
cems_constellations

Optical bands#

The following bands are available in EOReader, but may not be available for all constellations.

Warning

EOReader loads bands in UTM. VHR bands can be orthorectified but EOReader needs a DEM for that. Be sure to position the environment variable EOREADER_DEM_PATH to the DEM you want.

Satellite bands#

Note

Optical bands are always loaded in reflectance, except for brilliance temperature bands that are left as is.

However, the user can ask for bands “as is” by using the TO_REFLECTANCE keyword with the load and stack functions. It will give the bands in the provider format (either DN, radiance or reflactance in uint16…). See the optical notebook to see how to implement it.

These bands will be cleaned according to the user’s needs. By default, only the pixels outside the detectors footprints are set to nodata. Methods to clean optical bands are best described in the notebook about the optical cleaning methods.

Band names#

These bands are mainly based on Sentinel-2 bands. The names are the ones from Sentinel-2, even if sometimes it can be confusing (especially for Coastal Aerosol and SWIR Cirrus bands).

Some additions to the Sentinel-2 bands have been made (YELLOW, PAN…):

  • CA: Coastal Aerosol

  • BLUE

  • GREEN

  • YELLOW

  • RED

  • VRE_1: Vegetation Red Edge 1

  • VRE_2: Vegetation Red Edge 2

  • VRE_3: Vegetation Red Edge 3

  • NIR: Near Infrared

  • NARROW_NIR: Narrow Near Infrared (band 8A for Sentinel-2, same as NIR for other sensors)

  • WV: Water vapour

  • SWIR_CIRRUS: Cirrus band

  • SWIR_1: Short Wave Infrared 1

  • SWIR_2 Short Wave Infrared 2

  • PAN: Panchromatic

  • TIR_1: Thermal Infrared 1

  • TIR_2: Thermal Infrared 2

Note

Note that bands that are not mapped can still be used (i.e. for Sentinel-3 OLCI and SLSTR). They will be called by their true name (i.e. F1 or Oa05). However, the mapped band will have to be called with their mapped name, i.e. BLUE rather than Oa04 for Sentinel-3 OLCI. But the bands that are not present in the alias file won’t be recognized.

Optical band mapping between constellations#

Bands (names)

Coastal aerosol

Blue

Green I

Green

Yellow

Red

Vegetation red edge

Vegetation red edge

Vegetation red edge

NIR

Narrow NIR

Water vapor

SWIR – Cirrus

SWIR

SWIR

Panchromatic

Thermal IR

Thermal IR

Bands (alias)

CA

BLUE

GREENI

GREEN

YELLOW

RED

VRE_1

VRE_2

VRE_3

NIR

NARROW_NIR

WV

SWIR_CIRRUS

SWIR_1

SWIR_2

PAN

TIR_1

TIR_2

Sentinel-2

1 (60m)

2 (10m)

3 (10m)

4 (10m)

5 (20m)

6 (20m)

7 (20m)

8 (10m)

8A (20m)

9 (60m)

10 (60m)

11 (20m)

12 (20m)

Sentinel-2 Theia

Not available

2 (10m)

3 (10m)

4 (10m)

5 (20m)

6 (20m)

7 (20m)

8A (10m)

8 (20m)

Not available

10 (60m)

11 (20m)

12 (20m)

Sentinel-3 OLCI*

3 (300m)

4 (300m)

5 (300m)

6 (300m)

7 (300m)

8 (300m)

11 (300m)

12 (300m)

16 (300m)

17 (300m)

17 (300m)

20 (300m)

Sentinel-3 SLSTR*

1 (500m)

2 (500m)

3 (500m)

3 (500m)

4 (500m)

5 (500m)

6 (500m)

8 (1km)

9 (1km)

Landsat OLI-TIRS (8-9)

1 (30m)

2 (30m)

3 (30m)

4 (30m)

5 (30m)

5 (30m)

9 (30m)

6 (30m)

7 (30m)

8 (15m)

10 (100m)

11 (100m)

Landsat ETM (7)

1 (30m)

2 (30m)

3 (30m)

4 (30m)

4 (30m)

5 (30m)

7 (30m)

8 (15m)

6 (60m)

6 (60m)

Landsat TM (5-4)

1 (30m)

2 (30m)

3 (30m)

4(30m)

4 (30m)

5 (30m)

7 (30m)

6 (120m)

6 (120m)

Landsat MSS (5-4)

1 (60m)

2 (60m)

3 (60m)

3 (60m)

3 (60m)

4 (60m)

4 (60m)

Landsat MSS (1-3)

4 (60m)

5 (60m)

6 (60m)

6 (60m)

6 (60m)

7 (60m)

7 (60m)

8 (240m)
only for L3

8 (240m)
only for L3

PlanetScope (4 bands)

1 (3m)

2 (3m)

3 (3m)

4 (3m)

4 (3m)

PlanetScope (5 bands)

1 (3m)

2 (3m)

3 (3m)

4 (3m)

5 (3m)

5 (3m)

PlanetScope (8 bands)

1 (3m)

2 (3m)

3 (3m)

4 (3m)

5 (3m)

6 (3m)

7 (3m)

8 (3m)

8 (3m)

SkySat

1 (0.5m)

2 (0.5m)

3 (0.5m)

4 (0.5m)

4 (0.5m)

Pleiades

3 (0.5/2m)

2 (0.5/2m)

1 (0.5/2m)

4 (0.5/2m)

4 (0.5/2m)

1 (0.5m)

Pleiades-Neo

5 (0.3/1.2m)

3 (0.3/1.2m)

2 (0.3/1.2m)

1 (0.3/1.2m)

6 (0.3/1.2m)

6 (0.3/1.2m)

6 (0.3/1.2m)

4 (0.3/1.2m)

4 (0.3/1.2m)

1 (0.5m)

SPOT-4

1 (10/20m)

2 (10/20m)

3 (10/20m)

3 (10/20m)

4 (10/20m)

1 (10m)

SPOT-5

1 (2.5/5/10m)

2 (2.5/5/10m)

3 (2.5/5/10m)

3 (2.5/5/10m)

4 (2.5/5/10m)

1 (2.5/5m)

SPOT-6/7

3 (1.5/6m)

2 (1.5/6m)

1 (1.5/6m)

4 (1.5/6m)

4 (1.5/6m)

1 (0.5m)

Vision-1

1 (0.9/3.5m)

2 (0.9/3.5m)

3 (0.9/3.5m)

4 (0.9/3.5m)

4 (0.9/3.5m)

1 (0.5m)

WorldView-1

1 (0.5m)

WorldView-4, GeoEye-1, QuickBird

1 (0.5m/2m)

2 (0.5m/2m)

3 (0.5m/2m)

4 (0.5m/2m)

4 (0.5m/2m)

1 (0.5m)

WorldView-2/3

1 (0.5m/2m)

2 (0.5m/2m)

3 (0.5m/2m)

4 (0.5m/2m)

5 (0.5m/2m)

6 (0.5m/2m)

6 (0.5m/2m)

6 (0.5m/2m)

7 (0.5m/2m)

7 (0.5m/2m)

8 (0.5m/2m)

1 (0.5m)

Superview-1

1 (0.5m/2m)

2 (0.5m/2m)

3 (0.5m/2m)

4 (0.5m/2m)

4 (0.5m/2m)

1 (0.5m)

* Not all bands of these constellations are mapped in EOReader. However, they can still be used by using directly their name (i.e. F1 or Oa05)

Click here to see the graph in a larger format.

Cloud bands#

Maximum 5 cloud bands are available, according to the files provided in the data. All the bands are rasterized and orthorectified if needed (for Sentinel-2 or 3 data for example), ready to be stacked.

The only difference with the other bands is that the cloud bands are provided in uint8 and have a nodata equal to 255.

  • RAW_CLOUDS: Raw Cloud file as provided (the only changes are the orthorectification and rasterization). Can provide other flags, or cloud probability.

  • CLOUDS: Cloud presence (1) or absence (0). If clouds are provided in probabilities, their presence is determined according to Landsat definition (proba> 67%)

  • CIRRUS: Cirrus presence (1) or absence (0). If clouds are provided in probabilities, their presence is determined according to Landsat definition (proba> 67%)

  • SHADOWS: Shadows presence (1) or absence (0). If clouds are provided in probabilities, their presence is determined according to Landsat definition (proba> 67%)

  • ALL_CLOUDS: Cloud OR Cirrus OR Shadows presence (1) or absence (0).
    Do not take into account missing bands (i.e. for Landsat MSS constellation, ALL_CLOUDS == CLOUDS)

Sensors

Cloud files

Clouds Bands

Sentinel-2

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Sentinel-2 Theia

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Sentinel-3 OLCI

Sentinel-3 SLSTR

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 9

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 8

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 7

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 5 TM

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 4 TM

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 5 MSS

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 4 MSS

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 3

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 2

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Landsat 1

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

PlanetScope

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

SkySat

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, SHADOWS, CIRRUS, ALL_CLOUDS

Pleiades

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Pleiades-Neo

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

SPOT-4/5

SPOT-6/7

RAW_CLOUDS, CLOUDS, ALL_CLOUDS

Vision-1

Maxar (GeoEye-1, WorldViews)

SuperView-1

DEM bands#

Optical constellations can all load DEM, SLOPE and HILLSHADE bands. The SLOPE band is given in degrees. Please post an issue if you need this band in percent.

Use the environment variable EOREADER_DEM_PATH to position your worldwide DEM. You can use both a local path e.g. /mnt/dataserver/dems/srtm_30_v4/index.vrt or \\dataserver\DEMS\srtm_30_v4\index.vrt or a URL pointing to a web resources hosted on a S3 compatible storage e.g. https://s3.storage.com/dem-bucket/srtm_cog.tif (not available on Windows for now).

Available spectral indices#

Spectral Indices

Needed bands

Accepted constellations

AFRI_1_6

NIR, SWIR_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM, SPOT-4/5

AFRI_2_1

NIR, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

AWEInsh

BLUE, GREEN, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

AWEIsh

GREEN, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

BAI

RED, NIR

All optical constellations

BAIS2

RED, NIR, VRE_1, VRE_2, VRE_3, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2

BSI

BLUE, RED, NIR, SWIR_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

CIG

GREEN, NIR

All optical constellations

DSWI

GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

VARI

NIR, RED, BLUE

All optical constellations except for Landsat MSS, SPOT-4/5 and Sentinel-3 SLSTR

GLI

GREEN, RED, BLUE

All optical constellations except for Landsat MSS, SPOT-4/5 and Sentinel-3 SLSTR

EVI

NIR, RED, BLUE

All optical constellations except for Landsat MSS, SPOT-4/5 and Sentinel-3 SLSTR

GNDVI

GREEN, NIR

All optical constellations

GVMI

NIR, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

GRI

GREEN, RED

All optical constellations

MNDWI

GREEN, SWIR_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM, SPOT-4/5

NBR

NIR, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

NDGRI

GREEN, RED

All optical constellations

NDMI

NIR, SWIR_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM, SPOT-4/5

NDMI21

NIR, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

NDRE2

NIR, VRE_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, Landsat MSS

NDRE3

NIR, VRE_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, Landsat MSS

CI1

VRE_3, VRE_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI

CI2

VRE_2, VRE_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI

NDVI

RED, NIR

All optical constellations

NDWI

GREEN, NIR

All optical constellations

OSAVI

RED, NIR

All optical constellations

PANI

RED, GREEN, BLUE

All optical constellations except for Landsat MSS, SPOT-4/5 and Sentinel-3 SLSTR

RDI

NIR, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

RGI

GREEN, RED

All optical constellations

RI

GREEN, VRE_1

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, Landsat MSS, PlanetScope (5 bands), WorldView-2/3 (8 bands), Pleiades-Neo (full)

SBI

RED, NIR

All optical constellations

SAVI

RED, NIR

All optical constellations

SCI

RED, GREEN

All optical constellations

SI

GREEN, RED

All optical constellations

SRSWIR

SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

TCBRI

BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

TCGRE

BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

TCWET

BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

VARI

GREEN, RED, BLUE

All optical constellations except for Landsat MSS, SPOT-4/5 and Sentinel-3 SLSTR

WI

GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR_1, SWIR_2

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 SLSTR, Landsat OLCI, (E)TM

WV_BI

VRE_1, CA

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, Landsat OLCI, WorldView-2/3 (8 bands), Pleiades-Neo (full)

WV_SI

YELLOW, GREEN

Sentinel-3 OLCI, WorldView-2/3 (8 bands)

WV_VI

WV, RED

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, WorldView-2/3 (8 bands)

WV_WI

WV, CA

Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3 OLCI, WorldView-2/3 (8 bands)

Note

WorldView-1 is not concerned by spectral indices as it only has a panchromatic band

Documentary Sources#

Copernicus#

Landsat#

Sentinel-2#

Sentinel-2 Theia#

Sentinel-3#

PlanetScope and SkySat#

Vision-1#

DIMAP V1: SPOT-4/5#

DIMAP V2: Pleiades, SPOT-6/7#

Maxar (ex Digital Globe)#

SuperView-1#

Instruments#

Most instruments can be found on OSCAR or on ESA Earth Online.

Band mapping#

Index#